One way to get more power out of an engine is to put more air in.
Example: With air.

The new – generation V engines: over 25 % more power

The S 500 is the first model to be equipped with the particularly powerful 285 kW (388 hp) V8 engine which develops a maximum torque of 530 Nm. The increased performance over the previous V8 is starling. The development engineers analyzed the airflow to and from the cylinders using sensors in the intake and exhaust ports. On the basis of the results they were then able to optimize the shape of the ports and, by extension, the airflow, resulting in an impressive increase in output while at the same time keeping down emissions.

For smoother power delivery, the V8 is now equipped with four valves per cylinder. Variable camshafts and the use of lightweight materials such as magnesium result in optimized power output and thus reduced fuel consumption.

All these technical refinements have also been incorporated in the V6, which develops a maximum output of 200 kW (272 hp) and maximum torque of 350 Nm in the S 350 and combines this with good fuel consumption. The S 350 has a combined fuel consumption of 10.1 – 10.3 liters per 100 km. Combined fuel consumption for the S 500 is 11.7 – 11.9 liters.